GMJ: What gives people away when they're doing that?
James: Résumés, for one. There's a whole way of gaming résumés nowadays, and it's not at all strategic. If you're cramming your résumé with buzzwords that you think are right for the job but have nothing to do with who you are or what you've done, how have you differentiated yourself from everyone else applying for that position?
What pops out at HR VPs are interesting facts that authentically come from who you are and that tell them how you will realize the mission of the job and the purpose of the company. That makes them want to call you in, because you gave them a sense of your unique value.
Self-branded employees are self-directed and more innovative. They're problem solvers, and they're a lot more engaged.

This is key: Don't start on tactics until you have your brand strategy. Then, when you get into the tactics, don't just do what's hot. Bring a sense of who you are to how you present your skills and experience. Think about how to differentiate yourself and your brand over the long term.
Remember: You're now an embedded entrepreneur. I hope that opens up a different way of thinking for people. The way the world is going, markets are so cluttered and competition is so acute -- and companies can basically replicate a product or service overnight. Their brand is crucial to differentiating their company, product, or service from all the others. The same is true of people.
GMJ: How does thinking of yourself as an embedded entrepreneur change how you approach your work?
James: Having a personal brand also helps you realize that meeting your goals matters as much as meeting the company's. When you're pursuing your goals -- and they're aligned with your company's goals -- you're much more engaged to act on the company's and the customer's behalf.
It also gives workers a sense of control. Right now, 7.2 million people are unemployed, which is a daunting number. Most workers still have jobs, but many of them are feeling uncertain and fearful.
GMJ: How are embedded entrepreneurs valuable to companies?
James: Embedded entrepreneurs point their brand toward the problems of the business. If you don't know what your talents are and you don't know what your brand is, it will take you a lot longer to get up to speed, and you'll be less productive. Anything that helps people express their talents leads to increased engagement, which benefits the company. Ultimately, people feel more engaged in their jobs when they're coming up with ideas, thinking creatively, and pursuing an agenda -- being proactive rather than reactive.
Gallup knows that people who work from their talents are more likely to be engaged, engaged employees are more likely to engage customers, and engaged customers are much more profitable to your business. So if you're a CEO, you want your workers to know their talents and use them to construct their identities in the company. That takes some work, some really profound thought, but it's worth it -- self-branded employees are self-directed and more innovative. They're problem solvers, and they're a lot more engaged.
GMJ: What can managers do to help people build their self-brands?
James: Ultimately, people have to do this on their own. It's a personal process that factors in someone's whole life. It's not top-down -- it works from the bottom up. But managers can encourage employees to develop their brands, and they can focus on their own brands and chart their own way through their companies. Your personal brand is more than just words -- it's actions. Live out your principles. Don't pay them lip service. That's something managers can do: lead by example.
-- Interviewed by Jennifer Robison